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Entropy (2022) #1 VF/NM Björn Barends Cover Heavy Metal
$2.99
Entropy (2022) #1 NM Björn Barends Cover Heavy Metal Materials are needed that can tolerate increasingly harsh environments, especially ones that retain high strength at extreme temperatures. Higher melting tempera ... Read More
Entropy (2022) #1 NM Björn Barends Cover Heavy Metal
Materials are needed that can tolerate increasingly harsh environments, especially ones that retain high strength at extreme temperatures. Higher melting temperature alloys, like those consisting primarily of refractory elements, can greatly increase the efficiency of turbomachinery used in grid electricity production worldwide. Existing alloys, including Ni- and Co-based superalloys, used in components like turbine blades, bearings, and seals, remain a performance limiting factor due to their propensity, despite extensive optimization efforts, for softening and diffusion-driven elongation at temperatures often well above half their melting point. To address this critical materials challenge, we present results from integrating additive manufacturing and alloy design to guide significant improvements in performance via traditionally difficult-to-manufacture refractory alloys. We present an example of a multi-principal element alloy (MPEA), consisting of five refractory elements and aluminum, that exhibited high hardness and specific strength surpassing other known alloys, including superalloys. The alloy shows negligible softening up to 800°C and consists of four compositionally distinct phases, in distinction to previous work on MPEAs. Density functional theory calculations reveal a thermodynamic explanation for the observed temperature-independent hardness and favorability for the formation of this multiplicity of phases.
journal id : ISSN 2352-9407 osti identifier : 1899319 country of publication : United States resource type : Accepted Manuscript journal name : Applied Materials Today publisher : Elsevier language : English ac02 : 07CH11358; NA0003525 publication date : 2022-11-17 subject : 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; high-temperature; hardness; strength; refractory; MPEA; CCA; HEA; additive manufacturing; AM
Materials are needed that can tolerate increasingly harsh environments, especially ones that retain high strength at extreme temperatures. Higher melting temperature alloys, like those consisting primarily of refractory elements, can greatly increase the efficiency of turbomachinery used in grid electricity production worldwide. Existing alloys, including Ni- and Co-based superalloys, used in components like turbine blades, bearings, and seals, remain a performance limiting factor due to their propensity, despite extensive optimization efforts, for softening and diffusion-driven elongation at temperatures often well above half their melting point. To address this critical materials challenge, we present results from integrating additive manufacturing and alloy design to guide significant improvements in performance via traditionally difficult-to-manufacture refractory alloys. We present an example of a multi-principal element alloy (MPEA), consisting of five refractory elements and aluminum, that exhibited high hardness and specific strength surpassing other known alloys, including superalloys. The alloy shows negligible softening up to 800°C and consists of four compositionally distinct phases, in distinction to previous work on MPEAs. Density functional theory calculations reveal a thermodynamic explanation for the observed temperature-independent hardness and favorability for the formation of this multiplicity of phases.
journal id : ISSN 2352-9407 osti identifier : 1899319 country of publication : United States resource type : Accepted Manuscript journal name : Applied Materials Today publisher : Elsevier language : English ac02 : 07CH11358; NA0003525 publication date : 2022-11-17 subject : 36 MATERIALS SCIENCE; high-temperature; hardness; strength; refractory; MPEA; CCA; HEA; additive manufacturing; AM
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ID: 19929095